PEDIATRIC ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS
When our eyes are exposed to some specific allergen, our eyes react and producers reaction which is called as allergic conjunctivitis.
The conjunctiva is a loose tissue which is present over the eyeball. It has got two parts namely palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva. This layer also contains accessory lacrimal glands which secretes lubricants so as to keep our eye lubricated.
Any inflammation of this layer is called as conjunctivitis. This inflammation involves bulbar conjunctiva or palpebral or both.
ALLERGENS
Some, allergens known to produce allergic conjunctivitis are householders, pollen from trees and grass, mold spores, animal dander, chemicals such as perfumes, contact lens solutions, and sometimes medicated eye drops.
CLINICAL FEATURES
Clinical features of allergic conjunctivitis are redness, watering, discharge, itching, and ocular discomfort. The diagnosis of this condition is mainly clinical but at times certain tests like allergy skin test, blood investigations are ordered.
TREATMENT
Treatment mainly consists of lubrication, anti-histamines, and steroids.
If not treated timely this can produce chronic problems and may lead to complications. And hence pediatric ophthalmologist consultation and proper follow-up is very important.
PRECAUTIONS
Change in lifestyle and following precautions help in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. These strategies also ease signs and symptoms and gives comfort to the patient. Precautionary measures include avoiding exposure to the allergen, keeping windows closed, try to keep home dust free, use of indoor air purifier etc.
Avoiding contact with allergens, applying cold compresses, avoid rubbing eyes, proper use of medication as prescribed by pediatric ophthalmologist and proper follow-up forms the mainstay of treatment.